What does the term "generalization" refer to in ABA?

Generalization in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) refers specifically to the ability of an individual to apply learned behaviors in different contexts, settings, or situations outside of the original learning environment. This concept is crucial because it demonstrates that the skills or behaviors taught are not limited to a narrow context, but can be utilized adaptively in various circumstances.

When teaching individuals new skills, practitioners strive to ensure that these skills can be transferred to real-life situations, which might differ in terms of environment, people present, or specific cues. For example, if a child learns to greet someone in a therapy session, generalization would mean that the child is also able to greet people in a variety of other settings, such as at school or in the neighborhood. This ability to adapt learned behaviors to new contexts is vital for meaningful behavior change and increases the likelihood of success in everyday situations. Hence, the concept of generalization is a fundamental goal in ABA interventions.