What is the measure that examines the range of values and their tendency to group around a mean?

The measure that examines the range of values and their tendency to group around a mean is variability. Variability refers to how spread out or dispersed the values in a data set are. It provides information about the distribution of the data points in relation to the mean, highlighting how much the values differ from one another. A higher degree of variability indicates that the values are more spread out, while lower variability suggests that they are closer to the mean.

This concept is essential in statistics as it helps in understanding the consistency and reliability of data. Variability can be measured using different statistical metrics such as the range, variance, and standard deviation, but in this context, the term variability itself captures the overarching idea of how values cluster around the mean and their dispersion. Understanding variability is crucial for making informed decisions based on data analysis and interpreting research results accurately.