Which term describes an environmental change that can affect behavior?

The correct choice is the term that refers to an environmental change that can influence behavior, specifically "stimulus." A stimulus is any event or object in the environment that affects an individual's behavior, prompting them to react or respond in a certain way. This can include physical objects, social interactions, or sensory inputs that elicit a behavioral response.

Understanding stimuli is a fundamental concept in behavioral analysis, as it helps to identify the factors that may influence a person's actions, facilitating interventions and teaching strategies that can modify behavior effectively.

In contrast, the other options emphasize different concepts within behavior analysis. A response refers to the behavior itself in reaction to a stimulus, reinforcement involves the consequences that increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated, and consequence is a broader term that indicates the outcome of a behavior, which can include punishment or reinforcement. Each plays a unique role in the learning process, but the term directly related to environmental change affecting behavior is stimulus.